Know about WDM in Fiber Optic Communication

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Wavelength Division Multiplexing is WDM. Into several discrete wavelengths or colors, it split the light in an optic Fiber. Running at data rate at 100Gbit/s, 10Gbit/s, 2.5Gbit/s or 40Gbit/s, each wavelength (color) is an independent channel. So we get a total of 40Gbit/s x 16 = 640Gbit/s rate if each wavelength is running at 40Gbit/s data rate after the light in the fiber is split into 16 wavelengths. In ultra-long-haul and long haul fiber optic communication links, this is especially true. Also on the market, fibers carrying 64 and more channels (wavelengths) are available now. In a single fiber optic cable, how about 48 fibers? That gives us an amazing 2,560Gbit/s x 48 = 122,880Gbit/s link. Of course for Internet backbones, this kind of high speed and high fiber count links are usually only deployed. You can see the shocking truth about WDM from the aforementioned samples. While minimizing fiber optic cable and equipment costs, it increases the capacity of a fiber optic link dramatically. Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing is DWDM Mux. Here "dense" means the wavelength channels are close to each other and very narrow. The interval between adjacent channels for 100 GHz dense WDM is only 100 GHz, (or 0.8nm). For example, the adjacent channels could be 1531.90nm, 1531.12nm and 1530.33nm. For the 1550nm band, DWDM is widely used to leverage the capabilities of EDFA (Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers). For the 1570nm ~ 1610nm (L Band) and1525nm ~ 1565nm (C band), EDFAs are commonly used.

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